Biblical explanation
Jesus explained the new birth to Nicodemus in John 3. Nicodemus initially understood Jesus' words in physical terms. Jesus clarified: "Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God" (John 3:5). Physical birth gives physical life. The new birth gives spiritual life. Jesus then explained that the Spirit works invisibly, like the wind (John 3:8). The new birth involves a transformation of the heart. Ezekiel had previously prophesied that God would give His people a new heart and put His Spirit within them (Ezekiel 36:25-27). Paul describes this transformation as becoming a "new creature" in Christ (2 Corinthians 5:17). The new birth therefore is not simply joining a church, changing one's external behavior, or adopting a religious identity. It is the work of God in the heart. At the same time, the new birth produces visible results. First John 3:9-10 connects the new life with a changed relationship to sin and righteousness.
Key takeaway
The great controversy reveals God's character as Christ ministers as our High Priest in the heavenly sanctuary. The dead await the resurrection, Christ's return will be visible and personal, and prophecy calls believers to faithful mission rather than date-setting or fear.